2004
 
Soalan 1:

Ada dikalangan ibu bapa yang jadual kerjanya tak menentu dan mungkin menghadapi kesukaran membantu anak-anak mereka menyelesaikan kerja sekolah yang diberikan guru-guru. 

Bolehkah pihak MENDAKI mendapatkan sekumpulan 4-5 orang sukarelawan untuk membantu anak-anak menyelesaikan masalah kerja sekolah di antara satu sesi tuisyen yang lalu dengan sesi tuisyen pada minggu berikutnya sedangkan MENDAKI hanya mengadakan kelas tuisyen seminggu sekali sahaja?
 

Jawapan:

Sukarelawan dari Unit Hubungan Sukarelawan MENDAKI membantu kanak-kanak dari golongan yang memerlukan (iaitu keluarga yang berpendapatan rendah) dalam program membaca dan mengira pada hujung minggu. 

Selain daripada MENDAKI, ibu bapa juga digalakkan untuk mendapatkan khidmat tuisyen dari badan-badan lain seperti RC and CC yang terletak berdekatan dengan rumah mereka.  Ibubapa juga boleh mendapatkan bantuan dari ahli keluarga, saudara-mara dan jiran-tetangga untuk membantu anak dengan masalah pembelajaran mereka dan mendapatkan kelas tambahan daripada pihak sekolah dan guru. 

Sungguhpun seseorang ibu atau bapa itu tidak berkeupayaan dari segi kelulusan akademik untuk mengajar anak-anak mereka sendiri, ibu atau bapa tersebut boleh membantu anak-anak dengan cara-cara lain.  Sebagai contoh, seorang ibu atau bapa boleh sama-sama memberikan sokongan moral seperti kata-kata perangsang agar  anak-anak mempunyai harapan untuk berjaya, panjatkan doa serta curahkan kasih sayang untuk menunjukkan mereka sentiasa disayangi keluarga, penjagaan pemakanan dan waktu tidur atau rehat anak-anak. Ini semua penting untuk pembentukan emosi yang positif. 

Ibu bapa juga boleh membantu anak-anak dalam melakarkan jadual waktu untuk belajar dan mengulangkaji di rumah serta meringankan tugas-tugas anak-anak menjelang musim peperiksaan agar tahap tekanan mereka dapat dikawal.  Dengan suasana di rumah yang tenang dan membina, anak-anak akan dapat menelaah pelajaran mereka dengan baik dan Insya Allah dapat meraih keputusan peperiksaan yang memuaskan.
 



 
Soalan 2:

Apa yang boleh saya lakukan untuk membantu cucu saya yang lemah dalam matapelajaran Bahasa Inggeris dan Bahasa Melayu?
 

Jawapan:

Beberapa perkara boleh dilakukan tetapi ini bergantung kepada usia cucu puan yang tidak dinyatakan di sini.  Namun begitu, pendekataan yang boleh diambil sekiranya cucu puan berusia dari 6 tahun ke atas adalah seperti berikut:

Membaca
Galakkan cucu puan untuk membaca lebih banyak buku-buku, suratkhabar dan majalah-majalah yang berbentuk pendidikan dan dari luaskan topik pembacaan beliau.  Beliau akan dapat menambah kosa katanya dan ini akan membolehkan beliau memperbaiki kemahiran kefahaman.  Disamping itu, beliau juga akan dapat lebih banyak ilham untuk menulis karangan dan sebagainya. 

Penulisan kreatif
Galakkan cucu puan untuk menulis dengan kreatif.  Selain dari menulis karangan, beliau boleh juga menulis diari peribadi, puisi, pantun, cerpen dan sebagainya.

Sekirannya cucu puan berusia di bawah enam tahun, puan boleh pertingkatkan interaksi dengannya - bercakap, bernyanyi, bercerita, membaca, melukis dan lain-lain.  Membaca kepada cucu puan dari usia yang awal lagi contohnya dibawah setahun akan memupuk minat membaca dalam diri cucu puan dari kecil lagi. 

Puan juga boleh menggunakan kaedah pengantaraan (‘mediation’) kerana puan sebagai seorang dewasa adalah orang tengah di antara cucu puan dengan kawasan sekelilingnya.   Secara ringkas, kaedah ini memberi penumpuan kepada lima perkara:

Makna dan Kesan
Banyakkan berbual dengan cucu puan dan terangkan kepadanya bahawa setiap objek yang dia lihat mempunyai erti atau makna dan memberi sesuatu kesan samada baik atau sebaliknya.

Penumpuan
Bantu cucu puan untuk menumpukan perhatiannya kepada objek-objek yang menarik seperti binatang, manusia atau alam semulajadi umpamanya bunga, pokok dan lain-lain.

Pengembangan
Sesuatu penemuan menarik yang membuat cucu puan ghairah boleh dikembangkan dengan penjelasan mengenai persamaan atau perbezaan di antara penemuan tersebut dengan hal-hal lain.

Merangsang
Kanak-kanak termasuk cucu puan memerlukan kata-kata perangsang dan dorongan dari orang dewasa seperti puan. 

Pembentukan kelakuan
Kanak-kanak perlu dididik mengenai perbuatan yang betul dan bezakan dengan yang salah.  Mereka perlu dibimbing untuk berfikir sebelum bertindak dan merancang apa yang harus dilakukan dan dipadankan dengan apa yang dia mahu. 
 



 
Soalan 3:

Bagaimanakah para ibu bapa dapat membantu anak-anak yang tiada masa untuk rehat kerana harus mengikuti kelas-kelas tambahan di hujung minggu selain dari ke kelas-kelas di waktu sekolah?
 

Jawapan:

Kebijaksanaan ibu bapa dalam menguruskan masa dan melakarkan jadual waktu yang praktikal boleh membantu memastikan anak-anak mendapat masa rehat yang mencukupi meskipun anak-anak mereka harus meluangkan masa yang banyak setiap hari untuk menimba ilmu di sekolah-sekolah atau pusat-pusat pendidikan swasta.  Untuk mendapatkan panduan-panduan bagi pengurusan masa dan cara-cara untuk melakarkan jadual waktu yang sesuai bagi anak-anak mereka, sila melungsur lelaman Internet MENDAKI melalui kategori pendidikan di http://www.mendaki.org.sg.
 



 
Soalan 4:

Sudahkah pihak MENDAKI memanfaatkan sesi-sesi pertemuan bersama ibu bapa untuk mengemukakan inisiatif-inisiatif baru dari Kementerian Pendidikan? 

Saya harap sesi-sesi tersebut juga dapat digunakan untuk tujuan mendampingi para ibu bapa menerusi program ‘outreach’ MENDAKI?
 

Jawapan:

Semasa mengendalikan sesi-sesi pertemuan bersama ibu bapa yang terkini, para ibu bapa yang menyertai sesi-sesi tersebut telah diterangkan mengenai perubahan dalam sistem pendidikan terkini termasuk inisiatif-inisiatif baru dari Kementerian Pendidikan. Implikasi-implikasi akibat inisiatif-inisiatif baru itu juga telah dikongsi sama dengan para ibu bapa. 

Untuk manfaat pihak ibu bapa, selain dari menganjurkan forum dasar yang bertema pendidikan, kami merancang untuk mendekati para ibu bapa yang telah mendaftarkan anak-anak mereka di dalam program-program yang dikendalikan oleh MENDAKI.  Matlamat kami ialah untuk meyakinkan para ibu bapa Melayu/Islam  mengenai manfaat menganggotai kumpulan sokongan ibu bapa di sekolah-sekolah anak-anak mereka. 
 



 
Soalan 5:

MENDAKI menyediakan kelas tuisyen untuk matapelajaran Matematik dan Bahasa Inggeris namun masih ramai lagi anak-anak Melayu/Islam yang lemah dalam matapelajaran Matematik.  Adakah anak-anak yang patut disalahkan atau guru-guru atau tutor yang mengajar?  Mengapa tiada sesi maklumbalas atau pertemuan dengan ibu bapa dengan program Skim Tuisyen MENDAKI?
 

Jawapan:

Penglibatan para ibu bapa dalam pelajaran anak-anak amatlah penting dan harus dititikberatkan oleh ibu bapa yang ingin melihat anak-anak mereka berjaya di dalam bidang akademik dan mempunyai masadepan yang cerah. 

Mulai tahun 2004 ini, pihak MENDAKI telah mewajibkan semua pusat-pusat Skim Tuisyen MENDAKI (MTS)untuk mengendalikan sesi-sesi pertemuan di antara para tutor dan ibu bapa pelajar-pelajar yang mengikuti program kami untuk memenuhi permintaan para ibu bapa. 
 



 
Soalan 6:

Soalan-soalan yang diberikan di kelas-kelas tuisyen MENDAKI terlalu mudah dibandingkan soalan-soalan yang disiapkan oleh pihak sekolah.
 

Jawapan:

Kertas-kertas soalan dan buku-buku ujian yang diberikan kepada pelajar-pelajar adalah serupa bagi semua pusat MTS.  Setiap kelas mungkin terdiri dari pelajar-pelajar yang mempunyai kebolehan yang berbeza dari segi tahap pemahaman dan kemahiran dan dari sekolah berlainan.  Oleh itu, keperluan sebilangan pelajar-pelajar mungkin tidak dapat dipenuhi.  Pihak MENDAKI juga telah menerima maklumbalas dari para tutor yang mengatakan ada bahan-bahan yang digunakan di kelas-kelas MTS agak sukar dan mencabar bagi sebilangan pelajar-pelajar.  Justeru itu, para tutor telah diberikan kertas-kertas kerja atau soalan-soalan tambahan yang lebih mencabar bagi golongan pelajar yang lebih bijak baik dari matapelajaran Matematik ataupun Bahasa Inggeris.  Kesemua bahan-bahan yang digunakan di kelas-kelas MTS merupakan saranan dari kumpulan guru-guru atau bekas guru yang telah membuat penilaian terperinci.
 



 
Soalan 7:

Saya mempunyai seorang anak di peringkat Darjah 6.  Selain dari pergi ke sekolah, pihak sekolah juga mengadakan kelas-kelas tambahan untuk pelajar-pelajar selain dari sesi-sesi sekolah yang biasa sekurang-kurangnya dua-tiga kali seminggu.  Tambahan pula, mereka diberikan kerja-kerja sekolah untuk disiapkan keesokan harinya.

Bagaimanakah kita dapat membezakan samada anak-anak kita membuat kerja sekolah yang diberikan guru-guru sekadar untuk menyelesaikannya agar tidak dimarahi atau mereka benar-benar dapat membuat kerja-kerja sekolah tersebut dan memahami apa yang dipelajari.
 

Jawapan:

Kurikulum sekolah bertujuan untuk melahirkan generasi pemikir, kreatif, fleksibel dan berdikari di ekonomi berteraskan ilmu masakini.  Pelajar-pelajar diharapkan dapat benar-benar menyelesaikan kerja-kerja sekolah yang diberikan oleh guru-guru dengan sendiri tanpa meniru dari rakan-rakan serta memahami apa yang dipelajari.  Kerja-kerja sekolah bertujuan memberi penekanan kepada apa yang telah diajar di kelas-kelas.

Adalah amat merugikan sekiranya seorang pelajar itu menyiapkan kerja-kerja sekolah sekadar untuk mengelakkan dimarahi oleh guru-guru kerana ini menunjukkan sikap yang negatif terhadap kewajipan menuntut ilmu bagi setiap muslim.  Sikap sedemikian merupakan petanda masalah yang lebih mendalam seperti tahap motivasi diri yang rendah, kemungkinan ketidakkeberkesanan kaedah mengajar dan masalah disiplin dan sebagainnya.

Ibu bapa juga boleh cuba mendapatkan maklumbalas mengenai kelakonan anak-anak dari guru-guru sekolah untuk mengetahui samada anak-anak boleh memahami dan mengikuti pelajaran di sekolah atau sebaliknya.
 



 
Question 8:

I finished my A-levels in the year 2002.  I obtained  an A-level full certification.  I passed all my subjects but could not enter university.  For the past one year, I did not know what to do.  It is a real set back for me.

1.  Should I retake my A-Levels privately? 
2.  Should I reapply for university?
3.  Should I go to a private university?
4.  Is private university recognised?
5.  Should I go overseas?
6.  Are overseas university recognised?
7.  Should I just do distance learning?

I'm not really sure and I really need help.  If I do get the opportunity to enter university, which course will assure that I will get a job?  My family claims that Singapore needs a lot of psychologist, is it true?

I would be really grateful to you if you could help. 
 

Answer:

The journey to seek knowledge and attain educational excellence is likely to be a challenging one.  We are pleased to know that you have pursued post-secondary education and had attained full A Level certification.  Your desire to pursue higher education is highly commendable and your inability to secure a place in the local university should be seen as a challenge rather than a setback.

The next step for you is to evaluate the various alternative options and consider the merits and demerits carefully and objectively:

(1) 1st option – Re-take ‘A’ levels
An option is to retake the A-levels as a private candidate.  You may consider attending classes at a private institution or self-study.  However, you must have the determination and discipline to study smart so as to improve your grades.  Remember also that you will have to re-take all subjects as you cannot combine certificates for ‘A’ Levels.

(2) 2nd option – Re-apply for admission into university
You may reapply for a place in a local university for July 2004 intake using your current certification even as you are preparing to retake your A Level examination at the end of the year.  The places available will very much depend on the demand for the course(s) that you are applying.

(3) 3rd option – Degree course from a private university
You can consider gaining admission to private universities or non-profit organisations running undergraduate courses accredited by overseas universities.  You should assess your inclination and aptitude so as to facilitate the choice of course to enroll in.  Most private institutions offer business or management-related courses, IT-related courses, mass communications and others.  Remember to refer to the Public Service Commision (PSC) to find out if a particular degree certification is recognised  by the public sector.  However, there is no clear guideline on recognised degree certification by the private sector as recognition varies from one company to another. 

You can explore the host of courses available via Internet.  Examples of such institutions are as follows:

a)  Singapore Management University (SMU)                              URL: http://www.smu.edu.sg
b)  Singapore Institute of Management (SIM)                                URL: http://www.sim.edu.sg
c)  Management Development Institute of Singapore (MDIS)     URL: http://www.mdis.edu.sg
d)  Informatics Holdings Ltd.                                                            URL: http://www.informatics.edu.sg
e)  BMC Group of Schools                                                               URL: http://www.bmc.edu.sg

(4) 4th option – Going overseas 
There are many overseas universities that may offer the courses that you may be interested in.  However, there are several serious considerations for overseas education other than the course availability.  Factors such as currency exchange rate between Singapore Dollar (SGD) and the country concerned.  Universities in Australia are generally less costly due to the favourable currency exchange rate relative to those in U.S. or U.K. but it is becoming stronger.  Other factors to consider include accommodation costs and cost of living in the country, campus lifestyle and learning pedagogy, culture and general environment etc.  You will need to discuss with your family on the affordability of going overseas. 

There are agencies which market foreign universities such as IDP Education Australia (IDP).  You may contact them via their website at http://www.idp.com to find out more about their services.  For information on education in UK, you may contact the British Council, Singapore via their website at 

http://www.britishcouncil.org.sg or the United States Network for Education Information (USNEI) for information on education in U.S. via their website at http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ous/international/usnei/edlite-index.html.

(5) 5th option – Distance learning
Distance learning courses are generally encouraged for working adults who want to upgrade their educational qualifications and are seeking knowledge for self-enrichment.  Courses offered by SIM (Open University) and other reputable institutions are recognised by the public sector.  However, distance learning courses offered by private institutions including online distance learning courses may not be popular with the private sector as well.

(6) 6th option – Polytechnic or diploma courses
As an ‘A’ Level graduate, you may consider applying to gain admission into diploma courses in any of the five local polytechnics or in private institutions which also offer diploma courses other than degree courses [please refer to point (3).]  This may prove to be a good option if you discover that you would fair better in a learning environment that provides more opportunities for hands-on (‘how to’ do things) rather than reasoning (‘why’ you do things).  Moreover, local universities such as Nanyang Technological University (NTU) will admit more polytechnic graduates from 700-800 per year at present to 3,000 polytechnic graduates by 2010.  Below are the five polytechnics that you may consider:

a) Singapore Polytechnic URL: http://www.sp.edu.sg
b) Ngee Ann Polytechnic URL: http://www.np.edu.sg
c) Temasek Polytechnic URL: http://www.tp.edu.sg
d) Nanyang Polytechnic URL: http://www.nyp.edu.sg
e) Republic Polytechnic URL: http://www.rp.edu.sg

(7) 7th option – National Institute of Education
If you are seriously considering teaching as a career option, you may wish to find out more about the entry requirements and various teacher training programmes offered for ‘O’ and ‘A’ Level graduates as well as diploma graduates and postgraduates.  You may contact them via their website at http://www.nie.edu.sg.

(8) A degree should be seen as a window to wider employment opportunities rather than assurance to secure a job.  With the current economic slump and unemployment rate at 4 - 4.5%, competition for employment will continue to be fierce.  You need to develop other skills such as interview skills, communication and coping skills in addition to having the right academic qualifications to clinch a job and excel in the chosen career.  It would be great if you could identify your strengths and niche and chart your career plan early.

(9) We do not have enough data to support the belief that Singapore needs more psychologists.

We hope that our reply to your queries is useful to assist you in making informed decisions.  Do not lose hope in your pursuit to seek knowledge and academic excellence.  There are many students who had taken alternative routes who have become successful in life too.

We wish all the best in your future undertakings.  May Allah SWT bless you with the guidance you need as well as the courage, wisdom and tenacity to face the trials and tribulations on your journey towards excellence.
 



 
Soalan 9:

I am a Chinese Convert. I wish my child be exposed to both Chinese and Malay languages.
Is there a kindergarten which provides both?
 

Jawapan:

Most kindergartens in Singapore offers classes in English Language as the first language and a second language such as Mandarin or Malay but not more.  You may consider taking for example Malay at the kindergarten and Mandarin at a privately-run language centre. 

However, you may want to inquire from individual kindergarten or child care centres directly by visiting websites from the Ministry of Community Development at http://www.mcds.gov.sg or Ministry of Education at http://www.moe.gov.sg.
 



 

2003

Question 1

My 'O' level results are as follows:-

Academic
Subject Grade:
English - C6
History - A2
Mathematics D - B4
Science (Phy/Chem) - B3
Principles of Accounts - B3
Malay - A2

I am not too interested in the Sciences courses. So what other courses should I apply for?



 
Answer 

There are a few considerations that you have to make before you can decide on a course. Firstly, you would need to identify the alternative institutions (JCs, polytechnics, ITEs, NAFA etc) and available courses with respect to the cut-off points. Secondly, you need to take some time to reflect about yourself especially relating to your strengths/weaknesses and interests in the subjects. This is important as you would want to be in a course/job which you enjoy doing. Finally, as you go through your decision-making you need to bear in mind that with the future Singapore economy, the growth industries would be manufacturing (electronics, chemicals, biomedical sciences and engineering) and services (trading and logistics, ICT, financial services and tourism). (Note: There are courses with special requirements like interview and aptitude tests etc)

There are various Science courses offered in the polytechnics ranging from engineering, chemical and life sciences to health sciences, which include dental therapy or nursing. Before you totally opt out the science courses, we would advice that you carefully look into the course structure/details of every Science course. Once you are pretty sure that the Science courses do not appeal to you, you can then consider the other courses. The other non-Sciences courses would include Business & Finance, IT, Media and Design or the Arts. You may get more info at the websites of the various polytechnics or directly go to http://www.sp.edu.sg/ (consolidated info).

We hope you will be able to make a more informed decision. Wishing you the very best. Should you need more help, you may contact the career guidance unit of any of the polytechnics. 


Question 2 

My daughter had her O-level results yesterday. She got A1 for Malay, English C6, Geography B3, Mathematics E8, Science(Phy/Chem) C5, Food & Nutrition C6. But her interest is in the teaching line. Before this she told me that she wants to take up Consumer Science & Technology which can allow her to become a Food & Nutrition teacher but unfortunately she flopped her math. My question is:
1) Besides ITE, where can my daughter go?
2) She intends to retake her Math this year, can u recommend me some private schools?
3) Should she retake her English again?
4) Now she is registered to become a Malay teacher through MOE, do you think it is a beneficial for her in the future?

Past Efforts
Before her O levels, I've given her a private tuition just for Math but I was disappointed that she flopped her math. I don't know why?



 

Answer 

From your daughter's results, we can see that your daughter’s strengths lie in Humanities subjects, compared to her Sciences. This observation is in addition to what you've reported, that she enjoys Food and Nutrition (F&N), and teaching.
1) On knowing that she likes Food and Nutrition (F&N), she might want to enrol in SHATEC (Singapore Hotel and Tourism Education Centre, in Bukit Batok) which grooms potential chefs. Though we must say, that the course will not allow her to become a teacher in F&N, as it is only a certification course. She can graduate from the course to become a cook, not a teacher.
You can find out more about SHATEC at http://www.sha.org.sg/shatec_home.htm
If she really wishes to teach, she will need to enrol in NIE, and there is a high probability that her Maths results may hamper her chances of getting accepted.

What she might like to do is as you said, repeat her Maths. This might stand her in good stead if she performs well the second time, though she will need to work a lot harder. Yes, she might also decide to take English again because a better score for English will make it easier for her to enrol in any course/institution. In fact, with a good score in Maths and English, she might qualify to enter the Polytechnic (where I assume the Consumer Design and Tech is at).

She might want to repeat English and Maths at 'O' level private providers such as Systematic Commercial Training Centre at Bras Basah Complex, contactable at 6337 4422. There are others, which you may find in the Yellow Pages.
On becoming a Malay teacher, right now with only 'O' levels, she might be able to teach only at Primary level. And there are already enough primary-level Malay teachers. What MOE needs is actually specialised Malay teachers, i.e. those who can teach 'O' level Malay and above, especially Higher Malay. To qualify for this, one will need a degree in Malay studies.

It looks like for now, the most probable recommendation is for your daughter to retake her English and Maths, and in the meantime, enrol in the ITE, just as a back-up in case she does not perform again this 2nd time [please register early for this year's 'O's]. Once she has received her results next year, she can quit ITE and enrol in Poly or JC next year.
Perhaps we can also offer some advice on parenting: please do not show your disappointments too much. We are sure your child is already disappointed with herself and upset that she has not performed up to your expectations. Your further show of disappointment and scolding will only make her feel worse, and the fact is that, she cannot change her results. The best is to show her that she will need to move on, and you 'signal' this to her by offering the suggestions above objectively. Try to ask her what she thinks is best for her, and not just decide for her as a parent because ultimately, it's her future she's deciding on.
 


Question 3

Stream: Normal Academic
Subject Grade: English - C6 
Maths - C5 
Science(Phy/Chem) - B3 
Malay - A1
Accounts - B3 
History - D7 
Food&Nutrition - C6

I can't find the right courses from my results. I hope you can list down the courses that I might benefit from my results.



 

Answer

Before we list down the courses that you can qualify for, our observation from your results is that:Your L1R5 is 25 points, meaning your chances of entering the Poly is rather slim. It also seems that you are stronger in your Science subject.
Here are some recommendations:
1) Enrol in the ITE (please visit www.ite.edu.sg).
2) Enrol in private institutions such as Thames Business School, SHATEC
(S'pore International Hotel and Tourism College), MDIS etc.
You may surf the Net for info on these institutions via a search engine e.g. http://www.yellowpages.com.sg/iyp/yp/jsp/index.jsp

These are just post-secondary institutions you may go to. But for specific courses, we cannot really offer any concrete suggestions as it really depends on what your interests are. For example, if you like hands-on/ using mechanical tools, you might want to enrol in the ITE. If you are interested in getting a diploma in business or tourism or hotel management, you might want to enrol in private institutions.



Question 4

Stream: Express
Subject Grade: 
English -D7
E-Maths-B3 
Combine Humanities - D7Malay - A2 
A.Maths -C6 
Combine Science - C6
Principal of Accounts - C5
Sec Sch: Serangoon Garden Secondary School

Can I take Business Studies course in Tourism & Leisure Management with my English grade a D7. Can I take the course and at the same time retake my English and combine cert. ?



 
Answer

From your question, I gather that you are interested to pursue a polytechnic diploma in Business Studies or Tourism & Leisure Management. I believe you have interests in joining the tourism industry upon finishing your studies.
The entry requirement into the polytechnics would require a C5 or better grade in English and thus you would be faced with very stiff competition. Hence, I would like to suggest that you apply for entry into the Institute of Technical Education where they also offer related courses in Accounting, Business or Administration in Higher NITEC. Other choices where you would like to consider is to enrol in SHATEC, which has a Diploma Course in Tourism Management. You may find more info on http://www.sha.org.sg/progms.htm. For this course, you just need 3 'O' level passes, with a credit in English. 

We wish you the best in your studies.



Question 5

My son is unable to do well in school examinations whereas at home he can do more difficult questions without any guidance?

Education Level: Pri 4

Past efforts: I have always look for better ways to teach them to ensure that they understand what are being taught to them in school. Topics are taught to him earlier so that he understands better when the school teacher teaches them.



 
Answer

The discrepancy between performance at home and performance in school is not unusual, because the atmosphere of school assessment and examination is always much more intense than the learning environment at home.
You may wish to try this:
(a) continue to provide the kind of help as you have done so far and
(b) set up mock-examination at home (two/three days before taking a test/examination to habituate the child with an intense situation like that of school condition so that the child will get used to it.

Hopefully, this will transfer to the school set-up and helps the child to actualise his potential. At the same time, continue to give him much encouragement.
 



Question 6

My son will be taking his 'O'-levels this year. He is an average student. Although he attended tuition for Maths and English at Mercu, he failed badly for his Maths and Sciences subjects. My question is, how can I help him?



 
Answer 1

option 1: Teach your son. Ask whether the parent himself can teach Maths/Science, based on his educational background.

option 2: Get him to ask his teachers on what he does not understand after class. Ask him to try past year questions (if he hasn't been doing it), to test his understand and application, and if he cannot deal with them, to ask teachers. If it is possible that he may not feel comfortable with his Maths/Science teachers, you might need to get him a tutor who can sit with him one-to-one.

option 3: At the same time 1): at home, create a conducive learning environment. TV to be off when he is studying, for example. let him learn as well as encourage him to rest for a while after every 45 minutes. if he prefers to study outside or with friends, let him, as long as he is learning.
At the same time 2): lift his spirits, let him feel love and supported. Even without direct teaching, parents can boost their children's morale with just telling him you are there for him, and be there when he feels down. One important thing is also not to put pressure on him as he may
already be putting pressure on himself. Sit with him and talk to him, let him come up with his own targets, which may be more realistic than your own. 

Letting him set his target also gives a sense of ownership of the targets. It would be helpful to, to draft out a timeline from now till October, what he hopes to achieve, month-by month, week-by-week, day-to-day.
 

Answer 2

From the description of your son's situation, he is obviously facing problems in mastering Maths concepts. He himself must be at a loss too about what else he can do, and as a caring parent, you share the concern and anxiety.
Furthermore, passes in Maths and Science subjects are crucial for entry into post-secondary institutions like the Junior College, Poly and even ITE.
The bad news is, the ‘O’- levels is drawing near, but the good news is, it is not too late! We have come across some cases of students who never managed to pass a subject even up to the prelims, but for the ‘O’- levels, did very well. So do not despair.
You mentioned that your son attends tuition classes for English and Maths, but that he is failing Maths and Science subjects. It is not mentioned whether he really needs the extra classes in English and what Science subjects he is taking (pure Physics, combined Phys/Chem?). There are a few things you can do to help him:

1. Consider getting a private tutor for Maths & perhaps the Science subject he is weak at, just for the period between now and the O levels. You might need to put in extra resources during these few months, but consider it as an investment. Your son might benefit from the extra focused attention, and the private tuition would be more regular. The tutor can help to identify his weaknesses and work at them.

2. If resources do not permit, talk to his existing tutor and school teachers about how you can work together to help him. Does he have other activities that may distract him; should he cut down on them? Can the teacher or tutor help in organising and forming a study group for him?

3. Ensure that he has all the materials needed. For e.g., for ‘O’- level Maths, he will need to be familiar with the 10-year series, complete as many practice papers as possible (these are all available in bookstores like Popular) so that he can strategize what type of questions to spend more time on, etc.

4. Most importantly, talk to your son. The purpose is not to nag, criticise or condemn his lack of ability, but to seek solutions together so that he can do better. Communicate with him that you and your wife care about him and empathise with his situation (the ‘O’- levels is very stressful), but you both will be there to help him. Many students need the positive strokes from those around them, to boost their morale and self-esteem. Help him to think about what he wants to do after ‘O’- levels - he needs to pass Maths if he wants to further his studies. Show him that you believe he can do it, and encourage him not to give up.

5. Lastly, doa for him. A parent's prayer is very powerful, and do let him know that you and your wife will pray for his well-being. It will give him assurance and emotional security to persevere.
We hope our advice has been helpful and we thank you for giving us the opportunity to answer your question. We wish your son all the best for his O levels!
 

Answer 3

How did the student fare in his other subjects? Do they need attention too or can the time available be channelled into Maths and Science? It's about four months to the ‘O’-levels. The student has to make a time-table to study for the exams. Decide on the time available for revisingMaths (in addition to keeping up with the work in school). Make a dailytime table for the topics to revise. If there is not enough time to revise all topics, then consult the past-exams papers to find out which topics should be "given up for now" for the exams. Here, I am assumingthe student may have to focus on fewer topics since the parent said that he failed badly. If there's time later, he can always revise for the topics left out earlier.

Get a copy of the worked examples books which organises the exams questions by topics. Revise daily, topic by topic, by trying the exams questions and by reading the textbook or other worked examples for the concept or principle or solution. The student must understand that the aim is to be able to work them out for himself. Motivation counts - the student must want to do OK. With this motivation to do well, he should make good use of the time in school to consult his teachers or his friends - to ask them to explain how to solve a problem or how to understand the solution or what the concept/principle is about.

It is not enough to just read worked examples. The student must try to solve a problem on his own efforts (Pick up the pen). If so, the student might want to use the worked examples in this way - Cover a worked solution up. Try to solve the problem first (think hard). Try hard before taking a peek at the worked solution - but just enough to get a hint to carry on - (maybe just the first one or two lines of the worked example). Initially the progress will be slow. Finally, ask what he should try to remember how to solve the problem. 

Can he imagine how he would be solving it in the actual exams if a similar question is asked? There are usually a lot of worked examples on the same topic (or he can borrow/buy books for more worked examples). He should become familiar with answering the easier questions which have a fixed format. These are usually in the first section of the exam papers - the shorter questions. When he has got to the stage where he can tell just by reading the question how he can solve it, he should then reserve some of these questions (mark them with a triangle) for trying a few days later to build up confidence and speed (and of course to revise how to solve the problem).

He learns to solve the harder (longer) questions in the same way (Read the textbooks and worked examples to get an idea of how to solve them.Pick a new question. Think hard. If still stuck, refer to just enough of the worked solution to continue. Imagine solving the problem in the exam. For those which he cannot understand, he should ask at school the next day or telephone a friend or ask the tuition teacher?. It is important that he asks someone in school or outside. Tell the student that he has to struggle to solve a problem on his own.Tell him that reading the worked examples only to learn how to solve Maths problems are like watching a video only to learn how to swim. He must jump into the water so he must jump in to solve Maths problems. Both are hard initially. If he plays soccer, remind him that to play soccer well he must suffer the drills. With better and better skills he will enjoy soccer more. The same goes for Maths. Finally ask him to imagine himself successful at his ‘O’-levels (or think back to a time he was proud of his own success) whenever the going gets tough.

 



Question 7

I have received feedback from my child's teachers that he is a smart boy who is able to grasp all lessons taught in class. Unfortunately, he is also slow in writing and always unable to finish his tasks on time. At home, he is also slow in getting things done eg. eating, bathing & being told to do chores. I noticed he tends to take his own sweet time despite being reminded & reprimanded. I am at a lost as what to do with him. His teachers expect me to do something or else he will be left behind in
class and won't do well in his spelling and exams. Please help. Thank you. 
Previous Efforts: 
Talk to him the importance of doing things fast, sit beside him while doing homework, constantly reminding him etc. 
 
 
Answers

1) Firstly, has your child been slow in doing things? 

Perhaps if he has, he needs to speed up gradually.  Perhaps you can work out with him in steps, how he can be faster e.g. if he gets ready to school in 15 minutes usually, help him get ready in 10 minutes and make sure he understands this 'target'.

In the case that he has never been slow and it is only now that he is, perhaps he is just buying time. Even adults, when faced with changes or in a transitional part of life like getting a new house or job, require time to adjust to the new routine. Your son, being new to primary school life and other changes including the idea of schooling for a full half-day instead of just 2 hours a day, making new friends, etc., may just be 'buying time' to adjust to this change. Perhaps he is also plain tired because of the hours hence he is slower to take things easy. In this case, do give him the time he needs to adjust. By the end of the first few months of  school, he should be comfortable  with the changes. Sense of urgency needs to be build over time.

In either case, it is important to not scold him too much, as this will serve to upset him and lower his sense of self-worth at such a tender age. This may have dire negative effects in the long run, which is to associate school with negative feelings. The worse that may happen is that he will shut off from school altogether.

Instead of scolding (which he might already be getting in school), empathise with him. Explain to him that he is already a 'big boy', and 'a big boy has to learn to master things, and in mastering, he can do them fast'. Inspire him, and praise him whenever he is fast at something. Find out what he is quick at, and use that as an analogy such as "If you are good at comb your hair, you can do it fast. Similarly you can also be good at...."   Praising you child will help him feel confident, and arouse feel-good feeling of himself. He will then associate positive feelings with school. A positive learning experience will provide a good foundation for learning as he grows older.

2) Secondly, is he a first child? Middle? Last? 
If first, perhaps it's because he has no role model, as I mentioned before, to follow, in doing things with the speed you or his teachers expect. Or if he has a younger sibling, like a baby, he might have been deprived of attention, since you may be busy with the baby, and doing things slowly might help him get that attention that he needs.

3) Do you think he's a thinker?  Or a do-er?  His learning style?
Different people do things in different ways. Some people immediately does something upon listening to an instruction, these are do-ers. They learn from experience. There are other who think and reflect on what to do and the consequences of their actions, before they do something. These are thinkers.  This may be the reason why some teachers say he is smart. Perhaps your son is more of a thinker, hence he is slower at responding to something, or thinks even while doing something. Telling him (kindly) to be focussed would help. This is in relation to his learning style. Some kids like sketching out the things he learns (visual learner), he may need sketch books or lots of papers.  Some like to do them (kinesthetic), so he will need to play around in order to learn, and kids display acts like taking out the spoons from the drawer to count his 1,2,3s. Knowing his learning style will help you provide him the learning environment at home that he does not get in school. More info can be found at http://www2.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Learning_Styles.html

 4) Not challenging enough?
Talking about thinking, your son may merely be doing things slowly in school because he feels they are too routine, that he is not challenged. This is especially if he had gone to a good pre-primary centre or one which has already covered what he is learning right now, like rote learning. Being unchallenged, he might feel bored and, hence he follows up instructions slowly.

You may want to note what he does after he finishes his homework, find out his niche or what he's good at. Allowing him to do his favourite hobby after finishing his homework, for example, is a type of incentive, besides praises as mentioned in no. 1.

 5) Words versus Numbers
You mentioned that the teachers who claim he is slower than others are those teaching the languages English, Arabic and Malay.  Perhaps he is faster at learning numbers than words, or better at Maths (less linguistic, and stronger with figures).

 6) Talk to him
The learning environment in school does not allow for individual attention, because there are 40 students in class. If he does not feel comfortable things in class, he may not get a chance to speak with his teachers. So do speak with him at home. Practise a culture of 2-way communication between him and yourself.  Talking to him every day will give him a chance to
share with you his joys and discomforts of schooling life. It is important to listen, allow him to speak, than just telling or asking him to do things.  Getting him to talk will not only help him to understand that you are always there for him. It will also help you to understand your son better, his likes and dislikes, his learning style, his creative energies, his niche.
 



Question 8 (Extract from The Straits Times, Page H 10, dated 13-10-2003 )

My daughter is in Primary 4.  She is having problems with mathematics and can't seem to remember what she has learnt.  While she is able to do her daily assignments, she forgets the concepts she has learnt after a few days.

I engaged a tutor for her, but things have not improved.  Both her tutor and form teacher have said she understands her work but just cannot perform during exams.  But she does fine in other subjects.

Is there anything wrong? What can I do to help her?

Ms Nellie Lim
Via e-mail
 
Answer

Your daugther's problem is common and interestingly, often first noticed when pupils are in Primary 4.

Some children are able to succeed to a certain point by just memorising procedures without understanding how or why they work.

However, by Primary 4, maths becomes too difficult for many because they have to understand various concepts they learnt in the lower primary classes before they can answer the questions.

At Primary 2, they learn the multiplication tables, but even at this point, some kids do not know
 that 6 X 7 is the same as 7 X 6; or that 7 X 5 is 7 more than 7 X 4.

They are also introduced to fractions. 

By Primary 3, equal fractions are taught; that is, they learn that 1/2 and 3/6 are the same amount.

At Primary 4, all these various ideas come together.  When pupils are asked to add 1/4 and 5/6, they must know all the above. 

This may overload their memory. 

There could be a few reasons for your daughter's difficulties, especially during exams.

For instance, she could have test-taking anxiety, "freezing up" when having to take a test of any kind, or mathematics anxiety, which manifests itself when someone has to do maths, whether at home or in school.

Her anxiety may be due to a fear of failure, which could be a result of strong parental, sibling or peer pressure, or because she did not understand some mathematical topics; in which case, memorising rules does not help much.  Once she forgets one of those, she is likely to panic. 

Your daughter will need to experience some successes in class tests and school exams to give her confidence.

You can help by monitoring her work. 

Perhaps sitting with her while she does her homework and clarifying questions or difficult words will help.

You can also teach your daughter concepts in small steps, making sure she understands both the concepts and procedure.

Use common objects around the house to help you.  For instance, fruit can be used for teaching fractions, and money for teaching decimals.  Or, you can buy fraction discs.

Teach her a few strategies to help her.  For example, drawing a diagram could help her visualise an equation and help her memory.

Unfortunately, just more practice and drilling her by rote will not help beyond a few days.

To remember the skills in the long run, she will need to understand both the concepts and the methods. Of course, once the concept is understood, then practice is important.

Dr Douglas Edge, an associate professor at National Institute of Education.
He specialises in learning difficulties in mathematics.
 



Soalan 9

(Soalan ini adalah petikan terjemahan dari The New Straits Times bertarikh 13-10-2003 Mukasurat H10)

Anak saya berada di darjah 4. Dia menghadapi masalah dalam  Matematik dan lupa apa yang dipelajari di sekolah. Walaupun dia boleh membuat kerja hariannya, dia akan lupa konsep yang dipelajari selang beberapa hari kemudian.

Saya telah mendapatkan tuisyen untuknya tetapi keadaannya tidak berubah. Kedua-dua guru darjah dan guru tuisyen mengatakan bahawa dia faham apa yang diajar tetapi hanya tidak boleh menjawab soalan ketika peperiksaan. Tetapi dia tidak ada masalah dengan mata pelajaran yang lain. 

Adakah ini suatu masalah? Apa yang saya harus buat untuk menolongnya? 
 
Jawapan

Masalah anak anda ialah biasa tetapi menarik kerana ianya selalu terjadi bila murid menaiki darjah 4. Ada murid dapat berjaya dengan menghafaz prosedur tanpa memahami bagaimana atau mengapa ia boleh digunakan. 

Matematik darjah 4 agak rumit untuk ramai murid-murid kerana mereka harus faham beberapa konsep yang dipelajari di darjah rendah sebelum boleh menjawab soalan tersebut.

Di darjah 2, mereka belajar sifir darab (multiplication tables), tetapi masih ada murid yang tidak tahu yang 6 x 7 adalah sama dengan 7 x 6 atau 7 x 5 lebih dari 7x 4.

Mereka juga dikenalkan kepada pecahan (fractions).

Di darjah 3, pecahan sama (equal fractions) telah diajar: yakni mereka belajar ½ dan 3/6
adalah sama. 

Di darjah 4, beberapa idea ini bergabung. Bila murid-murid disuruh campur ¼ dan 5/6, mereka mesti tahu semua konsep-konsep di atas.

Mungkin ada beberapa sebab mengapa anak anda menghadapi masalah terutamanya semasa di peperiksaan.

Kemungkinan dia ada kerisauan peperiksaan, “membeku” bila mengambil apa-apa peperiksaan atau mempunyai kerisauan Matematik (mathematics anxiety), yang ternyata bila seseorang membuat latihan atau soalan Matematik samada di rumah atau di sekolah.

Kerisauannya mungkin disebabkan takut kepada kegagalan yang diakibatkan oleh tekanan dari ibubapa, adik-beradik ataupun kawan –kawan. Ada kemungkinan dia tidak faham topik Matematik yang mana hafalan tidak dapat banyak membantu.

Anak anda harus diberi peluang untuk merasai kejayaan ujian kelas atau sekolah untuk membina keyakinan. 

Anda boleh membantu dengan mengawasi pelajarannya, duduk dan menemaninya bila dia membuat kerja rumah dan menjelaskan soalan atau perkataan yang susah.

Anda juga boleh mengajarnya konsep matematik bermula dengan langkah yang mudah dahulu, pastikan dia fahami konsep dan juga prosedur. 

Gunakan barang-barang di rumah untuk membantu mengajarnya. Buah - buahan boleh digunakan untuk mengajar pecahan (fractions), titik perpuluhan (decimal) boleh digunakan untuk mengajar nilai wang. Anda juga boleh membeli cakera pecahan (fraction disc).

Ajar dia beberapa strategi untuk membantunya. Gunakan lukisan untuk  membantunya menggambarkan soalan atau equation di samping membantu daya pengingatannya.

Malangnya, latihan dan penghafalan sahaja hanya dapat membantu untuk beberapa hari.

Untuk mengingati apa yang dipelajari pada masa jangka panjang , dia perlu memahami kedua-dua konsep dan cara-caranya. Bila konsep telah difahami, latihan boleh ditekankan. 

- Dr Douglas Edge, Profesor Madya dari Institute Pelajaran Nasional (NIE), Beliau merupakan pakar dalam masalah mempelari Matematik.



Soalan 10

Saya ingin bertanya tentang anak saya yang sudah tidak bersekolah selama 5 tahun sejak berumur 11 tahun hingga sekarang. Bagamana kalau dia mahu menyambung pelajaran dia semula? Apakah yang saya perlu lakukan?

EducationLevel: Primary 5



 
Jawapan

Memandangkan yang anak anda telah meninggalkan sekolah pada darjah 5, dia boleh mendaftarkan dirinya dalam program BEST di ITE. BEST adalah program untuk lepasan sekolah rendah dalam Inggeris and Matemetik. Lagi satu alternatif adalah untuk mendaftarkan anak anda di 'Geylang Serai Vocational Institute' atau 'Assumption Vocational Institute' di mana anak anda boleh
mendapatkan kemahiran dalam sesuatu bidang. Anda boleh menelefon talian ITE di 67720600 atau 67720683 untuk mendapatkan keterangan lanjut atau membuat pendaftaran. Anda juga boleh menglungsuri lelaman http://www.ite.edu.sg/~cetweb/wep/best.htm

Kami harap anda akan terus menggalakkan dan memberikannya perangsang untuk
terus meningkatkan dirinya. Semoga anda dan anak anda akan berjaya di masa
hadapan, insya'Allah.